The Complete Prose of T. S. Eliot: The Critical Edition Volume 5: Tradition and Orthodoxy, 1934–1939 by Iman Javadi Ronald Schuchard and Jayme Stayer

Author:Iman Javadi, Ronald Schuchard and Jayme Stayer
Language: eng
Format: epub
Publisher: Johns Hopkins University Press
Published: 2021-06-15T00:00:00+00:00

NOTES

1. Later in the essay, TSE refers to the International Peace Campaign’s leaflet, “War and Writers,” the title of its circular form (dated 25 July 1936). A cover letter (dated 12 Aug 1936, unpublished) signed by Dame Adelaide Livingstone was sent to prospective signatories. The manifesto was later published in the Times under the heading: “Art in Modern War: Spreading the Spirit of Peace” (28 Aug 1936, 8). The mailing address of the International Peace Campaign is given, preceded by the signatures of Aldous Huxley, C. Day Lewis, Rose Macaulay, V. S. Pritchett, Siegfried Sassoon, Olaf Stapledon, Sylvia Townsend Warner, Rebecca West, and Leonard Woolf. The manifesto also appeared, under the heading “International Peace Campaign,” in Time and Tide (5 Sept 1936, 1219).

Clifford Allen, 1st Baron Allen of Hurtwood, Peace in our Time: An Appeal to the International Peace Conference of June 16, 1936. London: Chatto & Windus, 1936.

2. Canon Dick Sheppard was founder of the Peace Pledge Union, whose weekly newspaper, Peace News, began circulation in June 1936. TSE was critical of Sheppard’s movement in his previous “Commentary” (5.380).

3. The phrase “maintenance of civilization” appears nowhere in the draft or published versions of the letter; the penultimate paragraph begins: “The time has come for all those who care for the well-being of our civilization to take resolute action for peace” (8).

4. Mustafa Kemal (1881-1938) was the founder of the Republic of Turkey and its first president (1923-38). He was given the honorific “Atatürk” (“Father of the Turks”) in 1934. On 9 Oct 1947, TSE wrote to Captain Blackburn: “I agree that there can never be freedom from fear for the subjects of the dictatorship; but one can hardly say that the dictatorships of Metaxas or Ataturk, or earlier, of Abdul Hamid or the Empress Dowager of China, gave cause to western Europeans to tremble in their beds.”

Józef Beck (1894-1944) served as a military officer, and then as minister of foreign affairs for the Second Republic of Poland from 1932 until 1939.

Stanley Baldwin, Conservative politician, was then serving his third and final term as prime minister of Great Britain (1935-37).

Léon Blum (1872-1950), a member of the Socialist Party, was prime minister of France in the Popular Front coalition from 1936 to 1937.

Franklin D. Roosevelt, a Democrat, was president of the United States from 1933 to 1945.

5. “War is always satanic in its origin and you must always abstain from it. But if it be impossible to avoid it, that is in defence of oneself, or one’s country and of the laws of one’s fathers, it is without doubt lawful to make ready to meet it, even during Lent.” Nicholas I, Responsa ad Bulgaros, in John Eppstein, The Catholic Tradition of the Law of Nations (London: Burns, Oates and Washbourne, 1935), 196. Eppstein’s English version is partly a translation and partly a condensation of a more expansive passage, written by Nicholas I in 866, addressing questions of the Bulgars. (Nicolaus I, Responsa Nicolai ad consulta Bulgarorum [Responsa ad Bulgaros], Letter 97, ch.

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